Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15General SciencesFUNGAL DISEASES IN FRUIT OF BER (Zizyphus mauritiana) IN TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL REGION OF INDIA
English0108Achala SuroliaEnglishFifty five fruits samples of Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana) from Jaipur and Chomu Revealed 12 fungal species were found associated with fruits. These were Actinomycetes, Alternaria alternate, Aspergillus candidus, A. flavus, A. versicolor, Chaetomium globosum, C. spinosum, Gliocladium roseum, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium sp., Rhizoctonia bataticola and Rhizopus nigricans, which are dominant and affected disease akin to Powdery mildew, Leaf spot, Wilt, Rust, Viral diseases, Mycoplasmal, Post-harvest diseases and insect damage fruit.
EnglishZizyphus mauritiana; Powdery mildew; leaf spot; Wilt; Rust; Viral diseases; Mycoplasma; Post-harvest diseases.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1354http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1354Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareCLINICALLY RELEVANT MULTIPLE ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN THE ARM OF A SINGLE CADAVER.
English0915P. JayasudhaEnglish Takkallapalli AnithaEnglish Dattatray DombeEnglish P. DharmendraEnglishThe variations in the muscles and nerves of the upper limb have been commonly reported and well documented. However, our study describes the coexistence of multiple neuromuscular variations of the arm hitherto not reported, to the best of our knowledge. During routine dissection, we observed an accessory head of coracobrachialis muscle, an additional head of biceps brachii muscle, unusual course of musculocutaneous nerve in the arm and formation of median nerve in the middle of the arm in a single male cadaver. These variations were bilateral. Knowledge of these variations is necessary to avoid complications during various procedures done in Upper Limb.
EnglishCoracobrachialis [CB], Biceps brachil [BB], anatomical variants, musculocutaneous nerve [MCN], Median nerve [MN].http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1355http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1355Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareCASE REPORT: REHABILITATION OF A PATIENT WITH CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT (CABG) WITH AXILLO FEMORAL BYPASS
English1623Mahesh V. HegdeEnglish Ajith S.English M. Gopala KrishnanEnglish Mohamed Faisal C.K.EnglishBackground and purpose: The coexistence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral artery disease is as frequent as 37% to 78%. Even though the coexistence of carotid artery stenosis or abdominal aortic aneurysm with CAD is a more common clinical situation, the prevalence of severe aorta iliac occlusive disease (AIOD) has been reported as 4% and 15% in different series of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass operation[1]. The purpose of this case study is to describe the precautions and physiotherapy interventions in a patient with coronary artery bypass grafting with axillo femoral bypass. Case Description: A 58 year old male patient with coronary artery single vessel grafting with axillofemoral bypass grafting was referred from post operative day 1 to day12 for physiotherapy. Twelve sessions of physiotherapy was continued till the discharge which included breathing Exercises, upper and lower limb exercises, airway clearance techniques and patient advice. Outcomes: Heart rate (HR), Respiratory rate (RR), Rate of perceived exertion, 6 minute walk test and spirometry were tested. Discussion: A significant increase in the heart rate and respiratory rate after the treatment in comparison to pretreatment measures. These parameters decreased significantly after 5 minutes and approached pre treatment values. The patient reported gradual reduction of dyspnea and was able to reassume functional activities. This was objectively supported by increased six minute walking distance and spirometric values. Physiotherapy management in a patient with coronary artery by-pass grafting with axillo femoral bypass resulted in significant increase in heart rate and respiratory rate with in physiological limits. Monitoring the vital signs is recommended in order to observe response to physiotherapeutic interventions. Hence supervision of moderate intensity exercise is very important to notice the increase in the cardiac respiratory endurance.
EnglishCoronary artery by-pass grafting, peripheral artery disease, axillo femoral bypass grafting and Rehabilitation.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1356http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1356Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcarePREVALENCE OF TOBACCO USE AMONG 15-18 YEAR OLD SCHOOL STUDENTS IN DASPUR-II BLOCK, PASCHIM MEDINIPUR DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL, INDIA
English2429Dibyendu BhowmickEnglish Chandradipa GhoshEnglishBackground: The consumption of tobacco amongst adolescents is a major health problem, worldwide. It is estimated that 250 million children and adolescents who are alive today would die prematurely because of consumption of tobacco, most of them in the developing countries 1. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the prevalence of tobacco use among 15-18 year old school students in rural areas of Paschim Medinipur District, West Bengal, India. Research methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three Government aided high schools of Daspur-II block of Paschim Medinipur district. Total 2859 students of class IX, X, XI and XII were selected and data was collected by questionnaire method. Results: The prevalence of ever tobacco users were 36.4% and current tobacco users were 30. 2%. Prevalence was found too much higher in case of male students than female. About 74.3%, 75.4% and 79.5% current tobacco user school students preferred mostly chewable form of tobacco like „pan masala’ with tobacco?;„gutka? and „betel leaf with tobacco’. Conclusion: The prevalence of tobacco use among school students is alarming especially among boys. This investigation suggests that mmediate action is required to create a supportive environment for the health of young people.
EnglishPrevalence, tobacco use, school studentshttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1357http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1357Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareTHE EFFECT OF ROSIGLITAZONE ON LIVER IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS
English3035Manish JainEnglish Jitendra AhujaEnglishObjectives: The most important fundamental pathology in type 2 diabetes is insulin resistance. Thiazolidinedione is one of the drugs of choice to combat the insulin resistance. Different studies show conflict about thiazolidinedione and its effect on liver functions. In this study, we weighed up the outcome of rosiglitazone on liver functions in type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients with type 2 diabetes taking rosiglitazone 4 mg daily were enrolled in this 2-month study. Biochemical parameters of liver and diabetes mellitus were estimated monthly during the treatment period of case and controls. Results: At starting point, difference between the Normal Liver Function (NLF) and Abnormal Liver Function (ABLF) groups in body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and lipid profiles were not significant. After 3 month of the treatment, HbA1c was significantly lowered in both groups ( P = 0.0001). More importantly, serum concentrations of both serum glutamate oxaloacetate transferasease (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transferasease (SGPT) and Gamma glutamryl transpeptidase (GGT) in the ABLF group decreased significantly (SGOT: 59.7±21.9 to 49.7±22.4U/L, P=Englishrosiglitazone, type 2 diabetes, Normal Liver Function (NLF) group and Abnormal Liver Function (ABLF) group.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1358http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1358Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareAWARENESS ABOUT HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS/ ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME AMONG YOUNG WOMEN IN RURAL INDIA- A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
English3642Nilajkumar BagdeEnglish Madhuri BagdeEnglish Poonam Varma ShivkumarEnglish Shuchi JainEnglish Mahadeo WaldeEnglishBackground: Health seeking and preventive behavior is directly influenced by knowledge and awareness about disease. The UN secretary general?s message on world AIDS day 2012 of Zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination, and zero AIDS-related deaths by 2015 is achievable only if people know about the disease. We undertook this study to determine the level of awareness regarding HIV/AIDS in rural India and their perception of this fatal disease as it is an important determinant of ultimate preventive behavior. Methods: A systematically drawn convenience sample of 360 young women that had never been tested for HIV attending the Obstetric and Gynecology clinic formed the study subjects that responded to a preformed structured questionnaire including open and closed ended questions. Results: 70% females had heard about the terms HIV/AIDS and the main source of information was television. Only 17% felt they were vulnerable to infection, 36% knew that testing was provided free of cost and 18% knew of at least one correct intervention to prevent transmission. Conclusion: Level of knowledge for HIV/AIDS was poor among women of rural India and interventions are needed to improve this scenario.
EnglishHIV/AIDS, awareness, sources of knowledge, testing, treatment, young women.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1359http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1359Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareBIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF PLEURAL FLUID IN MALIGNANT PLEURAL EFFUSIONS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
English4350Param JyothiEnglish Prasanth MukkaEnglish Feroz SayedEnglishObjectives: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common and debilitating clinical manifestation in the patients with metastatic and advanced stage of neoplastic disease. This prospective study was designed in an endeavor to scrutinize various biochemical parameters like pH, glucose, protein, albumin and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in an array of malignant pleural effusions. Methods: Patients with malignant pleural effusions were diagnosed by thoracentesis through cytology and pleural needle biopsy. Results: The low pH levels in pleural fluid were associated with significantly lower pleural fluid glucose levels in malignant pleural effusions. The pleural fluid protein levels were ? 3.1 g/dL and the albumin levels ranged from 1.1 to 3.9 g/dL in malignant (exudative) pleural effusions. Furthermore, the pleural fluid ADA values (? 40 U/L) seldom exceeded the diagnostic cut-off for tuberculosis in either primary/metastatic malignant pleural effusions. Combination of these biochemical parameters considered in the present study can be used to deduce malignant pleural effusions, even if they are cytologically negative and should be subjected for repeated cytology or advanced work up for malignant primary. Conclusion: We could adjudicate that this study adds value to the existing knowledge of the pulmonologists about the biochemical profile of malignant pleural effusions, thereby ensuing in a more appropriate treatment intervention according to the histological variants of malignancy.
EnglishMalignant pleural effusion, thoracentesis, cytology, needle biopsy.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1360http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1360Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareUNILATERAL HYDRONEPHROSIS- A CLINICAL STUDY
English5155Nataraj K.M.English Prasanna L.C.EnglishBachground: Unilateral obstructions of ureter either due to extramural, or intramural, and or intraluminal lead to unilateral hydronephrosis. Ureteral obstruction, partial or complete, produces a progressive disease in excretory functions of the kidneys with subsequent destruction of renal parenchyma. Material and Methods: 30 cases of unilateral hydronephrosis who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were admitted to our hospital, investigated and treated thoroughly. Results: 60% of patients had ureteric calculi and 30% with Pelviureteric junction obstruction. More than 85% patients presented with pain abdomen and mass was palpable in 13.3%. Ultrasound abdomen was diagnostic in 20 cases with ureteric calculi and 10 cases with Pelviureteric junction obstruction. Among 20 cases of ureteric calculi, open procedure was done in 4 cases and endoscopic surgery in 16 cases. Pyeloplasty was performed in 10 cases of Pelviureteric junction obstruction. Conclusion: Males from lower socio-economic status affected during their third decade. Tenderness was prominent clinical sign with pain abdomen, hematuria, frequency and painful micturition as common symptoms. Surgical management turned out to be most effective while few cases were managed by endoscopic intervention.
EnglishHydronephrosis; Ureteric calculi; Ureteral obstruction; Ultrasonography; Diagnostic techniqueshttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1361http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1361Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareGOLD WEIGHTED EYELID IMPLANT IN POST OPERATIVE FACIAL NERVE PALSY
English5659Shaila BangadEnglish Surabhi ChopraEnglish Sham SomaniEnglish Y.U. KelgaonkarEnglish Sachin B. IngleEnglishLagophthalmos is defined as the inability to close the eyelids completely. This situation may lead to corneal problems such as epithelial defects, stromal thinning, exposure keratitis, bacterial infection, perforation, and blindness. A patient with lagophthalmos due to post operative facial nerve paralysis underwent insertion of a custom-made gold weight implant. After implantation, the patient was able to close her eye and expressed high cosmetic and aesthetic results.
Englishlagophthalmos, facial nerve palsy, eyelid, gold weight implanthttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1362http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1362Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareCO-INFECTION OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AND HEPATITIS B VIRUS IN BELLARY, INDIA
English6063Sathyanarayan M.S.English Suresh B. SonthEnglish Mariraj J.English Krishna S.EnglishIntroduction: Hepatitis B is a common infection worldwide. Hepatitis B Virus and HIV share common modes of transmission and infection risk groups. Many HIV-positive individuals have also been exposed to hepatitis virus (HBV). The present study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of HBsAg in HIV positive individuals attending VIMS, a tertiary care centre in Bellary, Karnataka. Materials and methods: A total of 875 individuals comprising of 440 males and 435 females HIV positive individuals referred from Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART) centre were screened for HBsAg in the serology section of the Department of Microbiology over a period of six months from January to June 2009. Serum samples collected from the patients included under the study were tested using HBsAg Immunochromatography rapid kits (Beacon Diagnostics) as per the manufacturer’s guidelines. The kits show a control line and test line in positive cases and only a control line in negative cases. Results: 46 serum samples tested positive for HBsAg (5.26%), of whom 26 were males and 20 were females. 27 of the 46 positive cases (58.69%) were in the age group of 31-40, of whom 20 were males and 7 were females. Conclusion: The present study showed a high percentage of HIV positive individuals in Bellary having co-infection with HBV with a predilection to males of sexually active age group. We recommend that all HIV positive individuals must be screened for HBV co-infection.
EnglishHIV, HBsAg, co-infection, prevalence.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1363http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1363Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareTHE CADAVERIC STUDY OF TERMINATION OF ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY WITH ITS DEVELOPMENTAL BASIS
English6468Sharadkumar Pralhad SawantEnglishAim: To study the termination of anterior tibial artery in 50 cadavers. Materials and Methods: This study on termination of anterior tibial artery was performed on 50 (100 specimens of inferior extremities) embalmed donated cadavers (40 males & 10 females) in the department of Anatomy of K.J.Somaiya Medical College, Sion, and Mumbai, India. The dissection of the lower limb was done meticulously to expose the anterior tibial artery. The termination of anterior tibial artery was observed. The neuro muscular pattern of the lower limbs was also observed. The photographs of the termination of the anterior tibial artery were taken for proper documentation. Observations: Out of 100 specimens of inferior extremities the variant termination of anterior tibial artery was observed in 4 specimens. The anterior tibial artery divides into two dorsalis pedis arteries. Both the dorsalis pedis arteries travelled together on the dorsum of the foot up to the proximal part of the first intermetatarsal space. There were no associated altered anatomy of the nerves and muscles were observed. All the variations were unilateral. Conclusion: The awareness of the double dorsalis pedis arteries is clinically important for surgeons, plastic surgeons and orthopaedicians. The knowledge of any variation in the course and distribution of dorsalis pedis artery is clinically important because the dorsalis pedis artery is used to record peripheral arterial pulsation. Also the musculo-cutaneous flaps based on dorsalis pedis artery are commonly used for reconstructive surgeries. A lack of knowledge of such type of variations might complicate surgical repair. The non healing diabetic foot ulcers are challenging problems, for surgeons, which are commonly dealt with by musculocutaneous flaps based on the branches of dorsalis pedis artery.
EnglishAnterior Tibial Artery, Double Dorsalis Pedis Artery, Surgeons, Orthopaedicians, Peripheral Pulse, Musculocutaneous Flap.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1364http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1364Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareANATOMICAL STUDY OF ILIOINGUINAL NERVE AND ITS CLINICAL CORRELATION
English6975Swati Ramakant PandhareEnglish Anjana P. GaikwadEnglishInguinal hernia repair is one of the most common operations. The surgical access to the inguinal region, notably during hernia repairs, exposes the ilioinguinal nerve to the risk of damage at the origin of the neuralgia. The incidence of these post-operative neuropathies and their medico legal consequences notify the importance of this study about the anatomical variations of the ilioinguinal nerve. With the aim of preventing its damage while giving the local anesthesia during repairs of groin hernias and to understand the factors of onset of chronic neuropathy of the ilioinguinal nerve, we dissected 40 inguinal regions of 20 cadavers during routine undergraduate dissection. We have studied ilioinguinal nerve with relation to inguinal canal and its contents. The results showed the high variability of the emergence and the distribution of the ilioinguinal nerve. The variations in the emergence and distribution of the ilioinguinal nerve are the cause of the failures of the ilioinguinal block and the difficulties at interpreting the ilioinguinal nerve during the groin surgeries leading to post operative and perioperative morbidity.
EnglishInguinodynia, anatomical variation, neuropathy, ilioinguinal block, inguinal hernia.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1365http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1365Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareSOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSERS AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN IN NORTHERN INDIA
English7684Syed Shuja QadriEnglish Rambha PathakEnglish Jagjeet SinghEnglish Feroz AhmadEnglish Tufeel Ahad BabaEnglish Humaira BashirEnglishBackground:- Substance abuse among children has become a major public health problem which has assumed alarming dimensions. They cause enormous human suffering in terms of morbidity, mortality and economic loss; threaten the very social fabric of almost all families, communities and nations around the world. Among young people children are the most vulnerable group as the initiation into substance abuse first starts during this period. Aims and Objectives:- To find out the socio-demographic factors associated with substance abuse. Material and Methods:- A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among students (13-19 years) studying in classes 7th-12th in rural and urban areas of district Ambala, using the Self-Administered WHO Model Core Questionnaire. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. A total of 1500 students studying in various government and private schools were taken for the study purpose. Results:- A significant impact of substance abuse was seen among male urban students (17-19 years) belonging to nuclear families and of middle socioeconomic class (SE-III). Parental physical/mental abuse, parental/friends drug abuse, family discoid, bad relationship with parents/teachers, were the triggering factors associated with substance abuse (pEnglishSubstance abuse, Morbidity, Mortality, School children.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1366http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1366Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareDEMENTIA - IT'S DIFFERENT FROM ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: A REVIEW
English8591Komal ShivmoreEnglish Dharti ShahEnglish Puja NaikEnglish Seema NegiEnglish Kavita AtreEnglish Shruti ChandraEnglish Prashant ChaudharyEnglish Deepak BhosleEnglishAlzheimer's was first discovered by Alois Alzheimer in 1906. It is a progressive neurologic disease of the brain leading to the irreversible loss of neurons and the loss of intellectual abilities, including memory and reasoning, which becomes severe enough to impede social or occupational functioning. There is no current cure for Alzheimer's, although there are ways of slowing down its advances and helping patients with some of the symptoms. Lifestyle factors that help ward off or slow down Alzheimer's include yard work, gardening, dancing, riding an exercise, and any type of aerobic exercise. Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia, in fact it accounts for almost fifty percent of all dementia cases. Dementia is a term given to a few disorders that affect the brain causing problems with memory, speech, and perception. Dementia causes the victim to forget everyday occurrences, and the person may have problems in understanding concepts or words, and may have horrible mood swings. This review describes both Alzheimer?s and Dementia in details and also enlists the difference between them.
EnglishAlzheimer's, Dementia, Neurofibrillary tangles, beta amyloid, neurotransmitters.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1367http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1367Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-524159EnglishN2013May15HealthcareANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN THE FORMATION OF PTERION AND ASTERION IN SOUTH INDIAN POPULATION
English92101R. SudhaEnglish C. SrideviEnglish M. EzhilarasiEnglishBackground of the study: Pterion is an H-shaped sutural convergence formed by frontal,parietal,temporal and sphenoid bones of the skull.Pterion is common site for the formation of accessory or epiteric bones which may be a pitfall when misinterpretated as fractures in radiological study.The sutural point formed by the junction of the parietal,temporal and occipital bones are called asterion.The asterion is a vital surgical landmark for the location of ending of transverse sinus and beginning of sigmoid sinus.These reasons motivated us to study the pterion and asterion in south indian population and note its variation. Aim of the study:To analyse the anatomical variations in the formation of pterion and asterion in south indian population. Materials and method:The present study was done in 150 dry human adult skulls from the bone bank of anatomy departments of Annapoorana medical college,Vinayaga missions kirupananda variyar medical college,Vinayaga missions homeopathy medical college,salem.The sutural pattern of the pterion in left and right sides of each skull bone was noted based on the descriptions by Murphy(sphenoparietal, frontotemporal, stellate and epipteric types).The asterion and its types:Type I when a sutural bone is present and type II where sutural bone is absent,was observed and recorded. Observation:Sphenoparietal type of sutural pattern was observed in 80%.Asterion type I was observed in 7.6%. Conclusion: Pterion pattern in south indian population revealed that sphenoparietal type(80%)of pterion is the most common presentation found regionally and internationally.11% of epiteric type of pterion was observed.Asterion type I (7.6%) was noted in this study.
EnglishSphenoparietal ,Epiteric bone,Frontotemporal,Stellate,Accessory bonehttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=1368http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=1368