International Journal of Current Research and Review
ISSN: 2231-2196 (Print)ISSN: 0975-5241 (Online)
logo
slider
slider
slider
slider
Bootstrap Slider

Indexed and Abstracted in: Crossref, CAS Abstracts, Publons, Google Scholar, Open J-Gate, ROAD, Indian Citation Index (ICI), ResearchGATE, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, WorldCat (World's largest network of library content and services)

Search Articles

Track manuscript

Full Html

IJCRR - 3(6), June, 2011

Pages: 84-91

Print Article   Download XML  Download PDF

EFFICACY OF EXTERNAL FOCUS OF ATTENTION IN IMPROVING BED MOBILITY IN HEMIPLEGIC PATIENTS.

Author: Baburaja Panicker Harilal MPT, Vijesh P.V MPT M Phil., Sasidharan Tapan MPT, Sankar Sahayaraj MPT

Category: Healthcare

Abstract:Objectives: To find out the efficacy of external focus of attention in improving bed mobility in hemiplegic patients.
Method:
A sample of 30 patients satisfying the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned into a control group and an experimental group of 15 patients each. The control group received bed mobility training
without external focus of attention. In experimental group external focus of attention was used to give bed
mobility training . The treatment was for 6 days. The outcome measure taken was Trunk Control Test. Pre
and post values were taken on the first day and sixth day of treatment.
Results:
Statistical analysis using Wilcoxon signed-ranks test and Mann-Whitney ?U' test showed significant difference in improvement in bed mobility status of patients treated with external focus of
attention.
Conclusion:
External focus of attention for training bed mobility seems to be beneficial for hemiplegic
patients.

Keywords: External focus of attention, Hemiplegic patient, Bed mobility.

Full Text:

INTRODUCTION

Stroke (Cerebrovascular accident - CVA) is defined as -A focal (or at times global) neurological impairment of sudden onset, and lasting more than 24 hours (or leading to death), and of presumed vascular origin1 Several population-based surveys on stroke were conducted from different parts of India. During the last decade, the age adjusted prevalence rate of stroke was between 250-350/100,000. The ratio of cerebral infarct to hemorrhage was 2.21. The estimation of stroke mortality derived was 102000 deaths, which represented 1.2% of total deaths in the country2 Although stroke rehabilitation has to some extent progressed over the years, there is still lack of enthusiasm in pursuing the goal of ensuring that each patient recovers his best possible function3 Often however, a gradual return of some motor abilities occurs in weeks and months after injury. The severity of trunk impairment is usually less than more distal musculature. Poor recovery of trunk muscle performance results in a severe disability and a reduction in the activities of daily living. In stroke rehabilitation, trunk muscle performance is an important factor in predicting the functional outcome 4 .

In patients with hemiplegia trunk control is an indispensable basic motor ability for execution of many functional tasks5 . Turning to the intact side and sitting up over the side of the bed are critical to the re establishment of independence. However for individuals who cannot perform these without assistance, it is important to help them into the sitting position. In this way training to re-establish swallowing, communication, visual scanning of the environment, attentional capacity and the ability to balance and move can start early6 . Motor learning research with its focus on discovering laws and principles underlying the acquisition of motor skills had little impact on clinical applications in physical therapy7 . Feedback is an effective method in motor learning which can be used in the rehabilitation of neurological patients.8-11. Feedback can be extrinsic or intrinsic. During early motor learning the therapist will provide extrinsic feedback to shape performance. During early intervention visual inputs are critical for motor learning12 Learning strategies may be used for the patients with hemiplegia who is required to transfer across a variety of surfaces including obstacles of varying heights and distances apart. An external focus of attention may yield a learning advantage for the activity being practiced because the automatic control processes underlying the activities such as those associated with balance and stability are allowed to operate freely13. Careful planning of content, scheduling and attentional focus induced by the feedback can enhance the effectiveness of training considerably. However, research examining these issues in stroke patients is scarce14 . In this study bed mobility training is done with external focus of attention. For external focus the subject was asked to concentrate on a point made by a laser pointer, which reflects the performance of the patient. So the incorporation of attentional focus strategy in bed mobility training is studied here.

METHODOLGY

Study was approved by the institutional ethical committee, written informed consent was obtained from the participants. Study was conducted in the physiotherapy departments of General Hospital and Ananthapuri Hospital and research institute Trivandrum. Study design was experimental and 30 stroke patients with hemiplegia due to MCA territory involvement were selected using non probability convenient sampling and then they were assigned to control and experimental group of 15 each using random assignment. The selection criteria include male patients with first episode of stroke within the age group of 45 to 55 years. They should come under Brunnstrom‘s recovery stage15 2 and should have the ability to roll to the affected side and should have a MMSE score16 minimum 20. Subjects having Hemi neglect, visual agnosia, visual field defects, aphasia, cerebral atrophy, cerebellar lesions, history of seizures, pressure sores cardio respiratory complications and orthopedic complications were excluded from the study. Outcome measure used was Trunk control test (TCT). The inter-rater reliability and validity of TCT have already been reported17,18 TCT examines four axial movements; rolling from supine position to weak side (T1) and to strong side (T2), sitting up from a lying down position (T3) and sitting in a balanced position on the edge of the bed with feet off the ground for 30 seconds (T4). The TCT score is the sum of the scores obtained on the four tests (range, 0-100). Material used was a laser pointer having a diode with wavelength 630 to 680 nm, and with a maximum output of < 1mw. Laser pointer was modified for attaching to the subjects body Before starting the procedure subjects were tested using TCT. The control group received bed mobility training which includes rolling to the weak side and then to strong side, getting up from supine and sitting balance exercise. In addition to this subjects received exercises which include ROM, bridging and positioning strategies. For experimental group bed mobility training was done with external focus of attention. For this the laser pointer was strapped to the subject‘s chest and markings were made on the ceiling as well as on both side walls. When the laser is put on subject has to concentrate on the laser point on the ceiling and should try to move the point to the marking on the side wall. For training sitting balance laser is projected to the front wall where three markings were made. For all the exercises subject is given assistance for completion of task. When he gains control of the movement, the assistance is gradually lowered. The procedure was repeated for six days.

RESULTS

The results were analyzed with SPSS version 16 for windows using Wilcoxon signed-ranks test and Mann-Whitney ?U‘ test. The mean pre-test score of TCT for the control group was 34 (SD±18.33) and for the post-test was 59.07(SD±16.68). These values for the experimental group were 31.53(SD 14.55) and 84.67(SD 11.84) respectively. From the analysis it can be seen that there is statistically significant difference between the pre and post test values of control group as well as experimental group. Furthermore when analyzing post-test values of the control and experimental group by Mann-Whitney test, statistically significant difference is there. This indicates that external focus of attention was effective than internal focus of attention in bed mobility training for the subjects. From the item wise analysis it can be seen that for the control group and for the experimental group all the items were improved significantly from the pretest value. When analyzing the post-test values of the control and experimental group it is clear that there is significant difference between the post-test values of control and experimental group in all items except in T1. (Rolling to weak side from supine) .It means that external focus of attention was better over conventional treatment in improving all the components of TCT except T1.

DISCUSSION

Numerous studies have shown that instructions that direct individuals‘ attention to the effects of their movements on the environment thereby inducing a so called external focus of attention, were more effective for learning than instructions that direct attention to the movement themselves or inducing an internal focus.19-23 After stroke, intrinsic feedback system may be compromised making it difficult for the person to determine what needs to be done to improve performance. Extrinsic feedback may thus be even more important to people with stroke.14 According to constrained action hypothesis24,25 an internal attentional focus, or focus directed to something close to the body results in participants subtly interfering in relatively automatic control processes. As a result of this interference the degrees of freedom of the motor system are presumably constrained in such a way that the rate and effectiveness of the system to regulate movement or maintain balance is subtly compromised. Presumably there is a delicate balance between the conscious process and automatic process, which can be interfered with or overridden when the participant consciously intervene in the control process. This type of interference seems to occur to a lesser extent when the participants‘ attention is directed further away from the body and to the external effects. Common coding theory26,27 provides a possible explanation for the advantages of focusing on the effects of one‘s own movements, rather than on the movement themselves. Because according to this theory, perception and action requires a common representational medium, efferent and afferent codes are stored in the form of distal events. From this point of view, it makes sense to assume that action will be more effective if they are planned in terms of their intended outcome or effect, rather than in terms of the specific movement patterns. When participants were practiced rolling, getting up from lying down and balance in sitting position, the internal focus used by the participants constrained the motor system by interfering with natural control processes, whereas the laser marker as the effect of the movement (external focus) allowed the automatic control processes to regulate the movements. Furthermore the subjects who used laser markings, the actions are planned in terms of there intended outcome, that is to the point to which the marker should move, rather than subjects who concentrated on their movement patterns. On further analyzing the results it can be seen that all components of TCT improved significantly between post-test scores of control and experimental group except T1 (Rolling towards weak side from supine). This may be probably because due to the selection criteria of subjects. All subjects included in the study were with a minimum score 12 for T1. With 6 days of treatment most of the subjects in control and experimental group improved to the highest score, which are 25. So there was not a significant difference between the post-test scores of control and experimental group for the component T1 One of the limitation in this study was it calculated only a short term outcome of the treatment. Effects of this improvement on the late functional outcome in subjects were not studied. Also sample size was small and subjects included were limited to males with MCA territory infarction. So studies can be conducted in large sample size in other areas of rehabilitation like hand rehabilitation, gait training using external focus strategy. Relationship between early independency in bed and late functional outcome using this strategy also can be studied.

CONCLUSION

Bed mobility training using external focus was better than the training was it is not used. When the subjects concentrated on the external effects it provided a better learning advantage for the subjects. External focus of attention for training bed mobility seems to be beneficial for hemiplegic patients.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The authors are grateful to patients and staffs of General Hospital and Ananthapuri Hospital Thiruvananthapuram, Management and staff, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Mr. Asok School of Behavioral Sciences, MG University and Mr. Shajith KP, Department of Telemedicine, Medical College Aleppey for their support during the study.

 

 

References:

1. World Health Organization. WHO steps Stroke Manual: The WHO Stepwise approach to stroke surveillance. WHO 2006; p. 5

2. Anand K, Chowdhary D, Singh KB, Pandav CS, Kapoor SK. Estimation of mortality and morbidity due to strokes in India. Neuroepidemiology 200; 20: 208-11.

3. Carr JH, Shepherd RB. A motor relearning programme for stroke, 2nd ed. London: Buttorworth Heinemann; 1987. p. 4-6.

4. Fujiwara T, Sonoda S, Okajima Y, Chino N. The relationships between trunk function and the findings of transcranial magnetic stimulation among patients with stroke. J Rehabil Med 2001; 33: 249-55

5. Wade DT, Langton R. Motor loss and swallowing difficulty after stroke: frequency, recovery and prognosis. Acta Neurol Scand 1987; 76: 50-54.

6. Carr JH, Shepeard RB. Neurological rehabilitation: optimizing motor performance, 1st ed. India: Buttorworth Heinemann 1998. p. 250.

7. Winstein CJ. Knowledge of results and motor learning: implications for physical therapy. Phys Ther 1991; 140-49.

8. Morris ME, Iansek R, Matyas TA, Summers JJ. Stride length regulation in Parkinson‘s disease. Brain 1996; 119: 551-68.

9. Cheng PT, Wang CM, Chung CY, Chen CL. Effects of visual feedback rhythmic weight shift training on hemiplegic stroke patients. Clin Rehab 2004; 18: 747-53.

10. Bourbonnias D, Bilodeau S, Lepage Y, Beadoin N, Gravel D, Forget R. Effects of force feedback treatments in patients with chronic motor deficits after stroke. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002; 81; 890-97.

11. Dursun E, Hamamci N, Donmez S, Tuzunalp O, Cakci A. Angular biofeedback device for sitting balance of stroke patients. Stroke 1996; 27: 1354-57.

12. O‘Sullivan SB, Schmitz TJ. Physical rehabilitation: assessment and treatment, 4th edition. India: Jaypee; 2001. p. 514-45.

13. McNevin NH, Wulf G, Shea CH. Increasing the distance of an external focus of attention enhances learning. Psycholog Res 2003; 67: 22-29.

14. Van Vliet PM, Wulf G. Extrinsic feedback for motor learning after stroke: What is the evidence? Disab Rehab 2006; 28: 831-40.

15. Sawner KA, La Vigne JM. Brunnstrom‘s movement therapy in hemiplegia - a neuro physiological approach, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 1992. p. 41-42.

16. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975 Nov;12(3):189-98

 17. Collin C, Wade D. Assessing motor impairment after stroke: A pilot reliability study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1996; 53: 576-79.

18. Franchignoni FP, Tesio L, Ricupero C, Martino MT. Trunk Control Test as an early predictor of stroke rehabilitation outcome. Stroke 1997; 28: 1382-85.

19. Wulf G, Shea CH, Park JH. Attention and motor performance: Preference for and advantages of an external focus. Res Q Exerc Sport 2001; 72: 335-44.

20. Tang QP, Yang QO, Wu YH, Wang GQ, Huang ZL, Liu ZJ, Huang XS, Zhou L, Yang PM, Fan ZY. Effects of problem oriented willed-movement therapy on motor abilities for people with post stroke cognitive deficits. Phys Ther 2005; 85: 1020-33.

21. Fasoli SE, Trombly CA, Ticle-Degned L, Verfaellie MH. Effects of functional reach in persons with and without cerebrovascular accident. Am J Occup Ther 2002; 56: 380- 90.

22. Zachary T, Mercer J, Bezoidis N. Increased movement accuracy and reduced EMG activity as the result of adopting an external focus of attention. Brain Res Bull 2005; 67(4): 304-9.

23. Wulf G, Weight M, Poulter D, McNevin N. Atentional focus on suprapostural tasks affects balance learning. Quart J Experim Psychol 2003; 56: 1191-211.

24. Wulf G, Prinz W. Directing attention to movement effects enhances learning: A review. Psychomet Bull Rev 2001; 8: 648- 60.

25. Wulf G, McNevin N, Shea CH. The automaticity of complex motor skill learning as attentional focus. Quart J Experim Psychol 2001; 54: 1143- 54

26. Prinz W. A common coding approach to perception and action. In: Neumann O, Prinz W, editors. Relationships between perception and action. Berlin: SpringerVerlag; 1990. p. 167-201.

27. Prinz W. Perception and action planning. Eur J Cogn Psychol 1997; 9: 129-54.

Announcements

Dr. Pramod Kumar Manjhi joined Editor-in-Chief since July 2021 onwards

COPE guidelines for Reviewers

SCOPUS indexing: 2014, 2019 to 2021


Awards, Research and Publication incentive Schemes by IJCRR

Best Article Award: 

One article from every issue is selected for the ‘Best Article Award’. Authors of selected ‘Best Article’ are rewarded with a certificate. IJCRR Editorial Board members select one ‘Best Article’ from the published issue based on originality, novelty, social usefulness of the work. The corresponding author of selected ‘Best Article Award’ is communicated and information of award is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Women Researcher Award:

This award is instituted to encourage women researchers to publish her work in IJCRR. Women researcher, who intends to publish her research work in IJCRR as the first author is eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of women researchers based on the originality, novelty, and social contribution of the research work. The corresponding author of the selected manuscript is communicated and information is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Under this award selected women, the author is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Emerging Researcher Award:

‘Emerging Researcher Award’ is instituted to encourage student researchers to publish their work in IJCRR. Student researchers, who intend to publish their research or review work in IJCRR as the first author are eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of student researchers for the said award based on originality, novelty, and social applicability of the research work. Under this award selected student researcher is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.


Best Article Award

A study by Dorothy Ebere Adimora et al. entitled \"Remediation for Effects of Domestic Violence on Psychological well-being, Depression and Suicide among Women During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-cultural Study of Nigeria and Spain\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 23
A study by Muhas C. et al. entitled \"Study on Knowledge & Awareness About Pharmacovigilance Among Pharmacists in South India\" is awarded Best article for Vol 14 issue 22
A study by Saurabh Suvidha entitled \"A Case of Mucoid Degeneration of Uterine Fibroid with Hydrosalphinx and Ovarian Cyst\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 21
A study by Alice Alice entitled \"Strengthening of Human Milk Banking across South Asian Countries: A Next Step Forward\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 20
A study by Sathyanarayanan AR et al. entitled \"The on-task Attention of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder-An Eye Tracker Study Using Auticare\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 19
A study by Gupta P. et al. entitled \"A Short Review on \"A Novel Approach in Fast Dissolving Film & their Evaluation Studies\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 18.
A study by Shafaque M. et al. entitled \"A Case-Control Study Performed in Karachi on Inflammatory Markers by Ciprofloxacin and CoAmoxicillin in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 17
A study by Ali Nawaz et al. entitled \"A Comparative Study of Tubeless versus Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) \? A Randomized Controlled Study\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 16.
A study by Singh R. et al. entitled \"A Prospective Study to Find the Association of Astigmatism in Patients of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in India (Vindhya Region MP)\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 15
A Study by Humaira Tahir et al. entitled "Comparison of First Analgesic Demand after Major Surgeries of Obstetrics and Gynecology between Pre-Emptive Versus Intra-Operative Groups by Using Intravenous Paracetamol: A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 14
A Study by Monica K. entitled "Risk Predictors for Lymphoma Development in Sjogren Syndrome - A Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 13
A Study by Mokhtar M Sh et al. entitled "Prevalence of Hospital Mortality of Critically Ill Elderly Patients" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 12
A Study by Vidya S. Bhat et al. entitled "Effect of an Indigenous Cleanser on the Microbial Biofilm on Acrylic Denture Base - A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 11
A Study by Pandya S. et al. entitled "Acute and 28-Day Repeated Dose Subacute Toxicological Evaluation of Coroprotect Tablet in Rodents" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 10
A Study by Muhammad Zaki et al. entitled "Effect of Hemoglobin Level on the Severity of Acute Bronchiolitis in Children: A Case-Control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 09
A Study by Vinita S & Ayushi S entitled "Role of Colour Doppler and Transvaginal Sonography for diagnosis of endometrial pathology in women presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 08
A Study by Prabhu A et al. entitled "Awareness of Common Eye Conditions among the ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Workers in the Rural Communities of Udupi District- A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 07
A Study by Divya MP et al. entitled "Non-Echoplanar Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and 3D Fiesta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences with High Resolution Computed Tomography Temporal Bone in Assessment and Predicting the Outcome of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 06
A Study by Zahoor Illahi Soomro et al. entitled "Functional Outcomes of Fracture Distal Radius after Fixation with Two Different Plates: A Retrospective Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 05
A Study by Ajai KG & Athira KN entitled "Patients’ Gratification Towards Service Delivery Among Government Hospitals with Particular Orientation Towards Primary Health Centres" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 04
A Study by Mbungu Mulaila AP et al. entitled "Ovarian Pregnancy in Kindu City, D.R. Congo - A Case Report" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 03
A Study by Maryam MJ et al. entitled "Evaluation Serum Chemerin and Visfatin Levels with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Possible Diagnostic Biomarkers" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 02
A Study by Shanthan KR et al. entitled "Comparison of Ultrasound Guided Versus Nerve Stimulator Guided Technique of Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 01
A Study by Amol Sanap et al. entitled "The Outcome of Coxofemoral Bypass Using Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in the Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur in a Rural Setup" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 24
A Study by Manoj KP et al. entitled "A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial to Know the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Against Multimodal Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia Following Caesarean Section" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 23
A Study by Karimova II et al. entitled "Changes in the Activity of Intestinal Carbohydrases in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats and Their Correction with Prenalon" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 22
A Study by Ashish B Roge et al. entitled "Development, Validation of RP-HPLC Method and GC MS Analysis of Desloratadine HCL and It’s Degradation Products" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 21
A Study by Isha Gaurav et al. entitled "Association of ABO Blood Group with Oral Cancer and Precancer – A Case-control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 20
A Study by Amr Y. Zakaria et al. entitled "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ATP-Binding Cassette Gene(ABCC3 rs4793665) affect High Dose Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Children with Osteosarcoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 19
A Study by Kholis Ernawati et al. entitled "The Utilization of Mobile-Based Information Technology in the Management of Dengue Fever in the Community Year 2019-2020: Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 18
A Study by Bhat Asifa et al. entitled "Efficacy of Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Carbapenemase Detection and Comparative Evaluation with Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Identification of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumonia Isolates" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 17
A Study by Gupta R. et al. entitled "A Clinical Study of Paediatric Tracheostomy: Our Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 16
A Study by Chandran Anand et al. entitled "A Prospective Study on Assessment of Quality of Life of Patients Receiving Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 15
A Study by Rosa PS et al. entitled "Emotional State Due to the Covid – 19 Pandemic in People Residing in a Vulnerable Area in North Lima" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 14
A Study by Suvarna Sunder J et al. entitled "Endodontic Revascularization of Necrotic Permanent Anterior Tooth with Platelet Rich Fibrin, Platelet Rich Plasma, and Blood Clot - A Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 13
A Study by Mona Isam Eldin Osman et al. entitled "Psychological Impact and Risk Factors of Sexual Abuse on Sudanese Children in Khartoum State" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 12
A Study by Khaw Ming Sheng & Sathiapriya Ramiah entitled "Web Based Suicide Prevention Application for Patients Suffering from Depression" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 11
A Study by Purushottam S. G. et al. entitled "Development of Fenofibrate Solid Dispersions for the Plausible Aqueous Solubility Augmentation of this BCS Class-II Drug" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 10
A Study by Kumar S. et al. entitled "A Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile, Complications and Outcome of Pediatric Scrub Typhus Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit from a Tertiary Care Hospital from Eastern India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 09
A Study by Mardhiah Kamaruddin et al. entitled "The Pattern of Creatinine Clearance in Gestational and Chronic Hypertension Women from the Third Trimester to 12 Weeks Postpartum" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 08
A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07
A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness
A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health
A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06
A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia
A Study by Kumari PM et al. entitled "Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tamilnadu - A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 05
A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04
A Study by Sharipov R. Kh. et al. entitled "Interaction of Correction of Lipid Peroxidation Disorders with Oxibral" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 03
A Study by Tarek Elwakil et al. entitled "Led Light Photobiomodulation Effect on Wound Healing Combined with Phenytoin in Mice Model" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 02
A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01
A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24
A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23
A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22
A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21
A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20
A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19
A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18
A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17
A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16
A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15
A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020
A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"
A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13 
A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 12
A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 11
A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 10
A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 09
A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 08
A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 07
A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20
A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR
A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13
A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR
A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR. 
A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award


A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award


RSS feed

Indexed and Abstracted in


Antiplagiarism Policy: IJCRR strongly condemn and discourage practice of plagiarism. All received manuscripts have to pass through "Plagiarism Detection Software" test before Toto Macau forwarding for peer review. We consider "Plagiarism is a crime"

IJCRR Code of Conduct: To achieve a high standard of publication, we adopt Good Publishing Practices (updated in 2022) which are inspired by guidelines provided by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)

Disclaimer: International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal.



ABOUT US

International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal

Contact

148, IMSR Building, Ayurvedic Layout,
        Near NIT Complex, Sakkardara,
        Nagpur-24, Maharashtra State, India

editor@ijcrr.com

editor.ijcrr@gmail.com


Copyright © 2024 IJCRR. Specialized online journals by ubijournal .Website by Ubitech solutions