IJCRR - 4(4), February, 2012
Pages: 92-95
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PHYSICAL FITNESS INDEX STATUS OF CYCLISTS IN BIJAPUR DISTRICT WITH SUPPLEMENTATION OF
ANTIOXIDANT (ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL)
Author: Patil Sumangala Mahesh, Aithala Manjunatha, Patil Mahesh. J, Dhanakshirur Gopal B
Category: Healthcare
Abstract:Aims andObjective: Exercise increases oxygen consumption and causes a disturbance of intracellular pro-oxidants-antioxidant homeostasis. Athletes are exposed to acute and chronic stress that may lead to increased generation of oxidative species. Hence oxidative stress increases in athletes, Hence oxidative stress increases in athletes. Antioxidant supplementation is supposed to reduce the cell damage caused due to oxidative stress. However the total scenario regarding use of antioxidant supplementation during endurance exercise is still not clear. Hence an approach has been made in the present study to assess the Physical Fitness Index status of cyclists of Bijapur district with supplementation of Antioxidant (alpha-tocopherol). Material and Methods : Forty cyclists belonging to age group 18-19 years, trained under District youth service and sports office were selected as study group. They were divided in to two groups, one experimental (n=19) taking vitamin E (Tab. Evion 200mg/day) and another placebo group (n=18) taking (Tab.pudin hara/day) for 21 days. Control group were selected randomly among 1st MBBS students of BLDEA'sSri BM Patil MC, Bijapur. The Anthropometrical measurements like Age(yrs), Height (cms), Weight (Kg), BSA(sq.mts), BMI(Kg/m2) and Body fat %, Lean body mass were recorded. Physical Fitness Index (PFI) was measured by using Harvard step test. Result and Conclusion: There was no significant difference in age, height, weight, BSA, BMI and lean body mass, Body fat % between control and study group(p>0.05),But mean score of PFI in study group(84.68 +9.79) is significantly higher than control(74.25+3.3) where p< 0.001.Where as comparative values of PFI in Experimental and Placebo subjects before and after supplementation of vitamin E didn't show statistically significant differences (p>0.05). In conclusion supplementation of Vitamin E has got no beneficial effect on Physical Fitness Index in Cyclists, But antioxidants may helpin reducing the markers of oxidative damage after exercise.
Keywords: Physical Fitness Index Cyclists, Antioxidant, alpha- tocopherol
Full Text:
INTRODUCTION
Highly physically active persons who can perform well in various sports and possessing higher values of Physical Fitness Index have capacity to yield larger amount of energy, can perform better in athletic field activities. Determination of PFI is one of the important criteria to asses the cardiopulmonary efficiency of a subject. Use of physical fitness score as obtained from Harvard Step Test(HST) as a tool for ascertaining the cardiopulmonary fitness status of a subject, especially in field situation has been advocated world over1 .The American Alliance for Health, Physical, Education Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) recommended this test to study health related physical fitness program in youth 2 .It is also used as a tool to select highly physically active persons who can perform well in various sports, games or industrial occupation. Exercise increases oxygen consumption, causes disturbance of intracellular prooxidantantioxidant homeostasis. Athletes are exposed to acute and chronic stress that leads to suppression of immune system, increased generation of oxidative species thus increase oxidative stress. Dernbach.,et al 1993 suggested exercise induced hyperthermia triggers oxidative stress by promoting mitochondrial uncoupling. Vina J.,et al 2000 3,4reported exhaustive exercise generates free radicals, treatment with antioxidants such as vitamin E and C protects in part against free radical mediated damage in exercise. So the Antioxidant supplementation is supposed to reduce the cell damage due to oxidative stress. Vitamin E deficiency can increase free radical induced tissue injury, decreases life span of cells and diminishes physical activity5 . These findings were highly suggestive of fact that a bout of exercise might outstrip the inherent capacity of the protective endogenous antioxidant enzyme system necessitating greater protection and this added protection could come in the form of an exogenous supplement. Sen, C K,20016 in his review mentioned antioxidant supplementation is likely to provide beneficial effects against exercise induced oxidative tissue damage. Experts agree that if used prudently, oxidants and antioxidants may serve as potent therapeutic tolls. Efforts to determine individual needs of athletes and a balanced diet rich in antioxidant supplements are highly recommended. However total scenario regarding use of antioxidant supplementation during endurance exercise is still not clear. In view of this we have assessed the physical fitness index status of cyclists by supplementation of antioxidant (alphatocopherol) in experimental and placebo group in comparison to non athletes(controls).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Forty cyclists belonging to age group 18-19 years, trained under District youth service and sports office were selected as study group. They were divided in to two groups, one experimental (n=19) taking vitamin E (Tab. Evion 200mg/day) and another placebo group (n=18) taking (Tab.pudin hara/day) for 21 days. Control group were selected randomly among 1 st MBBS students of BLDEA‘s BM Patil MC, Bijapur. The ethical clearance was obtained from Ethical committee of BLDEMC as per RGUHS requirements. After ruling out cardiopulmonary disorders, subjects were asked to come in the morning hours (7-9am) to laboratory 1 hr. after having light breakfast. The Anthropometrical measurements like Age(yrs), Height (cms), Weight (Kg), BSA(sq.mts), BMI(Kg/m2)and Body fat %, Lean body mass were recorded. Physical Fitness Index (PFI) was measured by using Harvard step test 7 .Each subject completed up and down task (24steps/min) on an 18 inch bench for 3 mints or until exhaustion. Exhaustion is defined as when the subject could not maintain the stepping rate for 15 per second. The physical fitness index (PFI) score was calculated as follows: PFI = Duration of exercise in seconds x 100 5.5 x pulse rate (1-1.30 minute after exercise)
STATISTICS
All the values are expressed in mean + SD. Significance of the difference was calculated by applying ?Z‘ test and?t‘ test. P value 0.05), But the mean score of PFI in study group was significantly higher than control (p<0.001). Therefore we concluded that Athletes have better physical Fitness Index (PFI) when compared to non athletes, this is in agreement with the studies of Das Gupta and De, 19919 , Chatterjee, Mitra 2001,10which signifies higher aerobic and physical work capacity in athletes. There was no significant difference in the values of PFI in experimental and placebo group before and after antioxidant(Vitamin E) supplementation in them(p>0.05). The comparative values of PFI in experimental and placebo subjects before and after supplementation of respective drugs did not show any statistical significant difference (p>0.05). Our observation is in agreement with Peterson, et al 11, Jake man and Maxwell 12 in which there was no effect of vitamin E supplementation on serum CK after the race for 7 days and Lawrence et al 13 , Weight, et al 14 also found that antioxidant supplementation does not have any beneficial effect on increasing swimming endurance. Others have reported that supplementation of vitamin E and Co-enzyme Q10 for marathon runners for three weeks before race found no change in lipid peroxidation or CK response after race when compared with controls15 . Therefore in conclusion, our study supports the generally accepted view that antioxidant supplementation does not help in increasing endurance capacity of athletes but may help in reducing the markers of oxidative damage after exercise. The prime role of antioxidants on cardiopulmonary efficiency in endurance athletes is yet to be answered.
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